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Yag Beam
find the relative population of the 2 states in an Nd - YAG laser that produces a light beam of wave length?
find the relative population of the 2 states in an Nd - YAG laser that produces a light beam of wave length 1.55 micro meter at 300 K?
(Ans:3.5387 x 10^-14)
please show the steps
The Population inversion in any two degenerated states say g1 and g2 with populations N1 and N2 (where 1 for ground state and 2 for the Upper Laser Level)
is governed by Maxwell Boltzman statistics(At or above room temperature i.e 300K)
hence
N2/N1 = (g1/g2)*exp(-hc/LkT)
Where
h -> planks constant =6066E-34J-s
c-> speed of light = 3E8m/s
k-> Boltzmann constant = 1.37E-23J/K
L-> lambda -> wave length given by you as 1.55E-6meter
T being Temperature as 300K
g1 /g2 = 2 in case of Nd YAG system
hence
N2: N1 = 0.5* exp( (-6.6E-34 * 3E8)/(1.55E-6 * 1.37E-23 * 300))
Which turns out to be
3.5211746283024491365923868007783e-33
Can you check the exponential part and tell me back. But the formula used will be the same
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Helios II Fractional Q-Switch ND:YAG Laser
Laser Treatment for Acne Scar Removal
Acne scar laser treatment stands out among all acne treatments in effectiveness. Acne scarring comes under cosmetic disfigurements posing psychological problems to the patients. It is notable here that most of these can very well be corrected using laser as skin resurfacing modality.
Acne scar laser treatment involves using a light beam from a carbon dioxide laser. The latter vaporizes the upper layers of damaged skin at specific and controlled levels of penetration.
Development of selective photothermolysis
The development of selective photothermolysis has caused significant advances in the use of laser technology for skin resurfacing. The improved technology has helped reduce residual thermal damage. By using shorter pulse durations of laser light, the minimizing of thermal damage significantly reduced the risk for scarring on the skin.
The latest procedures involve an intense beam of light to destroy the skin tissue instantly. As of now, carbon dioxide and Er:YAG laser reportedly offer best acne treatments. They are able to perform highly specific vaporization of tissue using powerfully focused light to precisely remove the skin layers. Thus they vaporize the ridges of scars and wrinkles and smoothing out the surface of the skin.
Best lasers for acne scar removal
Er: YAG laser offers the best acne scar laser treatment. The benefit of Er:YAG laser for superficial to moderate acne scar removal stems from the fact that this laser produces less thermal damage compared to other types of laser.
The short pulsed Er:YAG laser has a water absorption coefficient 16 times greater than that of the carbon dioxide laser. The water in the tissue absorbs most of the energy of these lasers. That results in minimal optical penetration depth and thermal damage.
The more limited penetration of these lasers into the skin triggers a histo-pathological improvement less pronounced than that of carbon dioxide laser. However, Er:YAG laser shows potential as an acne scar removal treatment especially in the treatment of mild to moderate superficial rhytides and scars. In fact it is the best acne scar laser treatment for acne scars that are not very deep.
About the Author
Tom Disouza is a professional beautician associated with various beauty care salons and parlors. He has specialized in correcting pimples, acne scars, etc. He lives in Chicago.
